Arka, a manufacturing company, has initiated a project together with two other companies. Jim, who is the CEO of Arka, has suggested that the project board consist of representatives from each company instead of only Arka's personnel in order to increase transparency. However, the representatives of the other companies disagreed, claiming that this would not be compliant with ISO 21502 guidelines. Instead, they are suggesting that they outsource the function of the project board to avoid conflicts of interest. Is this in compliance with ISO 21502?

• A. Yes, ISO 21502 suggests that companies outsource their project board function in order to avoid conflicts of interest when working in a joint project
• B. No, according to ISO 21502, the three companies should unanimously choose only one company whose representatives will act as the project board and not include representatives from all companies
• C. No, ISO 21502 states that the project board can include representatives from each company if they are working in a joint project

Scenario:
Oakniture is a furniture manufacturer located in Bristol, England. It is known for its kitchen tables made out of different types of wood, such as chestnut, walnut, and oak. In early 2022, Lana, one of the senior researchers of the company, conducted a feasibility study to determine if there is a market for oak wood coffee tables, which indicated that the demand for oak wood coffee tables is relatively high. As such, Lana prepared a project brief and presented it to the top management of the company. The project brief included information on the project context and project objectives. After several discussions, the top management agreed that the project should be undertaken, but lastly, they asked Lana about the project duration. Lana claimed that the project duration cannot be determined and such information was not provided in the project brief; however, she added that the project duration will mainly depend on the competencies of the project team and on Oakniture's suppliers of wood.
Following that, the top management initiated the project and assigned Tom, the operations director, as the project manager, and Lana as the project sponsor. To manage the project, they decided to use the guidelines of ISO 21502.
Initially, Tom defined the governance and management framework alone, and then he mobilized the team and assigned the roles and responsibilities to each team member. In addition, Tom and the project team identified the stakeholders and developed the project plan. To ensure effective management of each project phase, Tom used a work breakdown structure (WBS) to organize project activities. Tom presented the project activities in the WBS by linking task dependencies and showing project milestones. In addition, Tom calculated the duration of each work package by determining the early start and early finish dates. Regarding the relationship between work packages, Tom required the project team to perform tasks in the predetermined order, regardless of any resource shortages they might experience.
A week after the project implementation began, Tom collected and analyzed data regarding the progress of the project. To keep everyone up to date, he held a meeting with Lana and project stakeholders.
Question:
Based on scenario 4, the governance and management approach was defined by Tom alone. Is this acceptable?

• A. No, Tom should have defined the governance and management approach in cooperation with the project team
• B. Yes, the governance and management approach should be defined only by Tom, the project manager
• C. No, Tom should have defined the governance and management approach in cooperation with Lana, the project sponsor

Scenario:
Tricko is a clothing manufacturer headquartered in Milano, Italy. The company was founded in 2010 by Mario, a famous Italian fashion designer. Over the last few years, the company has seen immense growth and now has a chain of stores across multiple European cities. Following industry trends, the top management of Tricko concluded that the company should establish an online store. As such, they required Lily, an experienced IT engineer, to develop a brief for this potential project. After several meetings and discussions, the top management approved the project brief and assigned Lily as the project manager. For this project, she was instructed to use the guidelines of ISO 21502 on project management.
Lily initiated the project by mobilizing the project team, which included four web developers, two network engineers, and one systems analyst. In order to ensure that every team member is fully aware of their roles and responsibilities, Lily developed team performance domains which would link each project activity with the individuals responsible for undertaking it. She explained to the team members that it is important to clearly understand their roles and responsibilities, considering that the team composition cannot be reassessed or revised once the project plan is authorized to be executed. In addition, Lily defined in a document the project's contribution to the overall objectives of Tricko, which reflected the relevant project requirements and their associated acceptance criteria.
Following that, Lily worked with the project team to discuss project costs. She suggested the team initially establish cost estimates only for the first phase of the project and then for the entire project. In addition, she required cost estimates to be expressed in currency valuations and in labor hours. One of the network engineers suggested that each team member should provide an estimate, and then the team should reach an agreement for a joint estimate. On the other hand, one of the developers suggested establishing an estimate for the costs after the closure of the project, such as advertising and promotion costs. Lily agreed with their suggestions and asked them to provide a total estimate as soon as possible.
Based on the total estimate provided by the project team, Lily developed the project budget and created a list of project activities, divided them into smaller items, and assigned a budget for each item.
Question:
Based on scenario 5, which estimation method for project cost did the network engineer propose?

• A. Wideband Delphi estimating
• B. Single-point estimating
• C. Parametric estimating

How does ISO 21502 define project management?

• A. Planned and systematic actions necessary to provide confidence to the sponsoring organization and project sponsor that a project is likely to achieve its objectives
• B. Principles, policies, and procedures by which a project is authorized and directed to accomplish agreed objectives
• C. Coordinated activities to direct and control the accomplishment of agreed objectives